Support and resistance is a concept in technical analysis, which is essential to understand in order to master reading price trends and pattern charts.

–> What is Resistance?

Example – Assume that Bob has been holding shares in Microsoft for 2 months and notices that, during that time period, its price had failed to pass $25 several times. However, he also notices the price has gotten very close to moving above $25. In this example, the price level near $25 is a level of resistance. If the price were to rise above $25, there would be a break in the resistance.

As you can probably assume from the example above, resistance refers to the price at which a stock trades, but not exceed past, for a period of time. The stock stops rising and does not break resistance because sellers start to outnumber buyers.
In other words, this resistance price level occurs when selling is sufficient enough to disrupt or reverse an uptrend. It is represented on a chart by a horizontal line that connects several tops, signifying that sellers are overpowering buyers. Resistance is also regarded as a ceiling because its price level prevents the prices from moving up and past it.

When the price reaches the resistance level, supply is believed to be stronger than the demand, which means that it is preventing the price from rising above the resistance. However, resistance does not always hold and when it breaks, it signals that the bulls have beaten the bears in that fight, creating new highs.

–> What is Support?

The support price level occurs when buying is sufficient enough to disrupt or reverse a downtrend. It is represented on a chart by a horizontal line that connects several bottoms, signifying that buyers are overpowering sellers. Support is also regarded as a floor because its price level prevents the prices from falling below it.

When the price reaches the support level, demand is believed to be stronger than the supply, which means that it is preventing the price from falling below the support. However, support does not always hold and when it breaks, it signals that the bears have beaten the bulls in that fight, creating new lows.

–> Strength of Support and Resistance

The strength of support and resistance is important because it helps you determine whether the trend is likely to continue or if it is going to reverse. Their significance can be determined by the:

- length of time they spend in a support or resistance area (the longer the period of time, the more significant the area is),

- volume (if a support or resistance level is formed on heavy volume, the level is regarded as more important than if formed on low volume),

- time (the more recent the trading took place, the more important it is)

–> False Breakouts

But beware of false breakouts. For example, the market might break a price resistance and rally, but then quickly reverses and falls. Likewise, the market can also break support briefly just before it reverses and rallies. Professionals love false breakouts because it provides one of the best trading opportunities.
Breakouts are similar to tails except that tails have a single wide bar, but false breakouts can have several bars, none of which are especially tall.